Hello Students! You are waiting for my new post. You have demanded for a post on "Change Voice".
Students, remember that before starting to learn voice, you must have knowledge of tense. At least, you should have knowledge of structure of the tense.
Lets take the verb write and transform it in different tenses and their passive voice.
Some important facts about the rules for changing voice:-
1. Always use V3 (3rd form of verb) in passive voice.
2. Active voice में कर्ता (subject)प्रधान होता है जबकि passive voice में कर्म( object) प्रधान होता है।
3. Passive voice में by का प्रयोग किया जाता है। परंतु यदि क्रिया करनेवाला agent (subject) understood हो तो by तथा subject का प्रयोग नहींं किया जाता।
जैसे,
People speak English all over the world.
लोग सारे संसार मेंं अंग्रेज़ी बोलते हैं।
English is spoken all over the world.(by people) (लोगों द्वारा)
सारे संसार में अंग्रेजी बोली जाती है।
यहां 'by people' लगाना आवश्यक नहीं है।
जल्लाद ने अपराधी को फाँसी दी।
(The executioner hanged the culprit)
The culprit was hanged (by the executioner)
अपराधी को फाँसी दी गई।
हमें पता है फाँसी किसने दी ,इसलिए by the executioner लगाना आवश्यक नही है।
Similarly ,there are endless sentences in which the subject is understood and it may be omitted in passive voice.
Now tense wise exercises of voice.
1 Present Indefinite Tense
Simple sentences:-
Sub + v1(s,es)+obj. (Active Voice)
Obj.(as sub.) + is/am/are+ v3 + by+ sub.(as obj)
Examples
1. Ravi writes a story.
A story is written by Ravi.
2. She plays football in the ground.
Football is played by her in the ground.
3. Hindus worship goddess Lakshmi.
Goddess Lakshmi is worshipped by the Hindus.
Negative sentences:-
He does not write a letter. (A.V.)
A letter is not written by him.(P.V.)
They do not answer your question.(A.V.)
Your question is not answered by them.(P.V.
Interrogative Sentences
Do you like coffee?(A.V.)
Is coffee liked by you?(P.V.)
What do you want?(A.V.)
What is wanted by you?(P.V.)
Whom do you like?(A.V.)
Who is liked by you?(P.V.)
How do farmers grow crop?(A.V.)
How is crop grown by farmers?(P.V.)
Exercise for students
Change voice of the following sentences:-
1. You sing a song.
2. I do my work on time.
3. She does not hate children.
4. Some dirty people throw poly bags in streets.
5. Do you dislike the traitors?
6. Do crickets make homes?
7. When does he write a novel?
8. How do you know me?
Note- कुछ verbs के साथ by का प्रयोग न करके किसी अन्य preposition का प्रयोग किया जाता है। जैसे
Know to, interested in, indulged in , contain in, consist in etc.
9. Your story does not interest me.
(I am not interested in your story)
10. This jug contains milk.
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Present continuous tense:-
Simple sentences,
Sub+ is/am/are+v1+ing+obj.
Obj.+is/am/are+being+v3 + by +sub.(as obj.)
Examples
I am writing a blog.
A blog is being written by me.
They are following me.
I am being followed by them.
Negative sentences,
I am not inviting them on my birthday party.
They are not being invited by me on my birthday party.
The crowd is not shouting slogans on the office gate.
Slogans are not being shouted on the office gate by the crowd
Rich people are not investing money in insurance policies.
Money is not being invested in insurance policies by rich people.
Interrogative sentences:-
Structure:-
Is/am/are+sub+v1 +ing+obj?(a.v.)
Is/am/are +obj.+being+v3 +by+sub?(p.v.)
Wh+is/am/are+sub.+v1+ing+obj?(A.V.)
Wh+is/am/are+obj+being+v3 +by + sub(p.v.)
Are you making good money in business?(a.v.)
Is good money being made in business by you?(p.v.)
What are you doing at this time?
What is being done by you at this time?
How much profit is your company making these days?
How much profit is being made by your company these days?
Exercise
1. They are wasting their time.
2. Sampat is plowing his fields.
3. Rajan is not using pesticides in his crops.
4. Farmers are not selling grain this year.
5. Are students making a noise?
6. Am I not helping you now?
7. How are some farmers using organic compost in their fields?
8. Which books are you purchasing from the book fair?
9.Why are they not liking his posts?
10. How is he making money by selling drugs?
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Present perfect tense
Sub+has/have+v3 +obj. (Active voice)
Obj.+has/have+been+v3 +by+sub.(p.v.)
Examples
Simple sentences:-
He has written a letter.(active voice)
A letter has been written by him.(passive )
Negative sentences:-
He has not completed his work.
His work has not been completed by him.
Interrogative sentences:-
Have you finished that work?
Has that work been finished by you?
What has he brought for you?
What has been brought by him for you?
Why has the government brought population control bill in the parliament?
Why has population control bill been brought in parliament by the government?
Now read the following sentences and change voice
1. The elections have been declared.
(चुनाव घोषित किए जा चुके हैं।)
2. Bio-metric attendance system has been implemented in government offices.
सरकारी कार्यालयो मेंं बायो मिट्रिक प्रणाली लागू की जा चुकी है।
Both of the above sentences are written in passive form. चुनाव की घोषणा या बायो मिट्रिक प्रणाली किसने लागू की यह स्पष्ट है। इन्हें active voice मे बदलना है।
In both sentences 'by the government' subject understood है।
1 The government has declared the elections.
2. The government has implemented bio-metric attendance system in government offices.
Exercise for students:-
Change voice:-
1. I have visited Tajmahal many a time.
2. The farmers have sowed seeds by now.
3. Tickets have been checked.
4. All friends have been invited in the party.
5. Has he taken coaching for competitive exam?
6. How much money has he spent for treatment of his wife?
7. Culprits have been arrested within a week.
8. My facebook account has been hacked.
9. Someone has created a fake account.
10. Have you improved your writing skills?
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PAST INDEFINITE TENSE
STRUCTURE:-
SIMPLE SENTENCE
Sub+v2+obj. ( Active)
Obj.+was/were+v3 +by+sub. (Passive)
He wrote a letter.
A letter was written by him.
Negative sentences:-
Sub+ did not+v1+ obj.( Active)
Obj+was/were not+v3 + by +sub.(passive)
He did not write a letter.( Active)
A letter was not written by him.(passive)
Interrogative sentences:-
Did+sub+v1 +obj ?.(active)
Was/were+obj.+ V3 +by+ sub.? (Passive)
Did you write a letter?
Was a letter written by you?(passive)
Some more examples with answers.
1. He made a mistake.
A mistake was made by him.
2 Arun caught the thief.
The thief was caught by Arun.
3.He did not follow rules.
Rule were not followed by him.
4. Did he win the match?
Was the match won by him?
Some passive structures in which subject is understood. So it is not used.
The tickets were checked.(टिकटें चैक की गई।)
यह passie form है। इसका active voice बनाने के लिए understood sub का प्रयोग करना चाहिए।
The T.T.E. checked the tickets.
Or
The conductor checked the tickets. Or
जब कर्ता स्पष्ट न हो तो subject ,'someone' लगाया जाता है।
Someone checked the tickets.
Exercise for students
1. He obeyed the teachers.
2. My cousin purchased a car.
3. She invited me on her birthday.
4. I left school last year.
5. You didn't tell the stories.
6. Ashoka founded a big empire.
7. Arun didn't find a good job.
8 Did he obey his parents?
9. Why did you punish the kids?
10. What did you have in breakfast?
11. Who checked these copies?
12. Tickets were distributed to able candidates.
13. Wrong-doers were punished .
14. A lecture was delivered on women's rights by the students of our school.
15. We watered the saplings daily in summer season.
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Past Continuous Tense
- Structure-:
- Object as sub. +Was/were+ being +V3+by+ subject as object
- Example-: Active voice-: He was wasting the money.
- Passive Voice-: The money was being wasted by him.
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